Photosynthesis in Higher Plants

A plant is exposed to very bright light. What is correct in this environmental condition?

Assertion: In $\mathrm{C}_3$ cycle, the first stable compound is $3 \mathrm{C}$ compound. Reason : In $\mathrm{C}_4$ plants Calvin cycle is absent.

Assertion : $\mathrm{O}_2$ is liberated in the non-cyclic photophosphorylation. Reason: Liberation of oxygen is due to photolysis of water.

The saturation point of $\mathrm{CO}_2$ in $\mathrm{C}_4$ plants is

Assertion : Cyclic photophosphorylation synthesises ATP. Reason : ATP synthesis in cyclic photophosphorylation is associated with NADPH formation.

Assertion : Photorespiration is found in all plants. Reason: In $\mathrm{C}_4$ plants, first $\mathrm{CO}_2$ fixation product is formed in bundle sheath cells.

Assertion: Photorespiration is a wasteful process where there is no synthesis of ATP energy. Reason : RuBisCO is present in mesophyll cells of $\mathrm{C}_4$ plants hence they show more productivity.

$\mathrm{C}_4$ plants have better productivity because

Assertion : CAM plants lack structural compartmentation of leaf as found in $\mathrm{C}_4$ plants. Reason : Stomata of CAM plants are open during the day.

The chemiosmotic coupling hypothesis of oxidative phosphorylation proposes that adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is formed because

Photosynthesis in $\mathrm{C}_4$ plants is relatively less limited by atmospheric $\mathrm{CO}_2$ levels because

Assertion : In light reaction of photosynthesis, light is required for the functioning of PS I and PS II, and production of NADPH and ATP. Reason : Dark reaction does not occur in light.